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1.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 118: e220225, 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1529019

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Leishmaniasis, a neglected disease caused by the parasite Leishmania, is treated with drugs associated with high toxicity and limited efficacy, in addition to constant reports of the emergence of resistant parasites. In this context, snake serums emerge as good candidates since they are natural sources with the potential to yield novel drugs. OBJECTIVES We aimed to show the antileishmanial effects of γCdcPLI, a phospholipase A2 inhibitor from Crotalus durissus collilineatus snake serum, against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. METHODS Promastigotes forms were exposed to γCdcPLI, and we assessed the parasite viability and cell cycle, as well as invasion and proliferation assays. FINDINGS Despite the low cytotoxicity effect on macrophages, our data indicate that γCdcPLI has a direct effect on parasites promoting an arrest in the G1 phase and reduction in the G2/M phase at the highest dose tested. Moreover, this PLA2 inhibitor reduced the parasite infectivity when promastigotes were pre-treated. Also, we demonstrated that the γCdcPLI treatment modulated the host cell environment impairing early and late steps of the parasitism. MAIN CONCLUSIONS γCdcPLI is an interesting tool for the discovery of new essential targets on the parasite, as well as an alternative compound to improve the effectiveness of the leishmaniasis treatment.

2.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 55: e17661, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055317

ABSTRACT

Cyanobacteria are phytoplanktonic microorganisms that are susceptible to the deleterious effects of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment, which poses a challenge to the environment exposed to diverse pharmaceutical products and their potential effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the antibiotic substances ciprofloxacin and chlorhexidine in pharmaceutical preparations on the growth and production of chlorophyll of two cyanobacterial strains, Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystis panniformis, isolated from a lake in a Brazilian environmental protection area. The EC50 and EC10 of chlorhexidine for M. aeruginosa were 206.4 µg/L and 108.5 µg/L, respectively, and for M. panniformis were 171.4 µg/L and 116.6 µg/L, respectively. The EC50 and EC10 of ciprofloxacin for M. aeruginosa were 17.24 µg/L and 3.21 µg/L, respectively, and for M. panniformis were 13.56 µg/L and 1.50 µg/L, respectively. The toxicity of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (drug) and chlorhexidine (standard solution) to the Microcystis species was demonstrated, and these species were both very sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Our results suggest that the strains of M. aeruginosa and M. panniformis may be affected by exposure to residues of ciprofloxacin (>1.5 µg/L), which may represent a risk to the survival of aquatic species.

3.
Rev. Kairós ; 21(2): 419-441, jun. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-970728

ABSTRACT

Trata-se de um relato de experiência, que descreve a organização pedagógica, bem como as impressões advindas do projeto intitulado: Caravana Lúdica, objetivando conhecer as percepções dos/as velhos/as sobre suas experiências lúdicas do passado, participantes que são eles/elas da Associação Remanso Fraterno João Gabriel em Cáceres, MT, Brasil, onde foram convidados a revisitar os artefatos e os conteúdos da cultura lúdica infantil, tornando, assim, tais experiências partilháveis aos demais.


It is an experience report that describes the pedagogical organization as well as the impressions coming from the project entitled: Caravana Lúdica, aiming to know the perceptions of old people about their past experiences of play, participants who are them of the Associação Remanso Fraterno João Gabriel in Cáceres, MT, Brazil, where they were invited to revisit the artifacts and contents of the children's play culture, thus making such experiences shareable to others.


Se trata de un relato de experiencia, que describe la organización pedagógica, así como las impresiones provenientes del proyecto titulado: Caravana Lúdica, con el objetivo de conocer las percepciones de los/as viejos/as sobre sus experiencias lúdicas del pasado, participantes que son ellos/ellas de la Asociación Remanso Fraterno João Gabriel en Cáceres, MT, Brasil, donde fueron invitados a revisar los artefactos y los contenidos de la cultura lúdica infantil, haciendo así tales experiencias compartibles a los demás.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Play Therapy , Aged , Leisure Activities
4.
J. appl. oral sci ; 26: e20170284, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-893698

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate dental sensitivity using visual analogue scale, a Computerized Visual Analogue Scale (CoVAS) and a neurosensory analyzer (TSA II) during at-home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide, with and without potassium oxalate. Materials and Methods Power Bleaching 10% containing potassium oxalate was used on one maxillary hemi-arch of the 25 volunteers, and Opalescence 10% was used on the opposite hemi-arch. Bleaching agents were used daily for 3 weeks. Analysis was performed before treatment, 24 hours later, 7, 14, and 21 days after the start of the treatment, and 7 days after its conclusion. The spontaneous tooth sensitivity was evaluated using the visual analogue scale and the sensitivity caused by a continuous 0°C stimulus was analyzed using CoVAS. The cold sensation threshold was also analyzed using the TSA II. The temperatures obtained were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=5%). Results The data obtained with the other methods were also analyzed. 24 hours, 7 and 14 days before the beginning of the treatment, over 20% of the teeth presented spontaneous sensitivity, the normal condition was restored after the end of the treatment. Regarding the cold sensation temperatures, both products sensitized the teeth (p<0.05) and no differences were detected between the products in each period (p>0.05). In addition, when they were compared using CoVAS, Power Bleaching caused the highest levels of sensitivity in all study periods, with the exception of the 14th day of treatment. Conclusion We concluded that the bleaching treatment sensitized the teeth and the product with potassium oxalate was not able to modulate tooth sensitivity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Peroxides/adverse effects , Tooth Bleaching/adverse effects , Urea/analogs & derivatives , Pain Measurement/methods , Dentin Sensitivity/diagnosis , Dentin Sensitivity/chemically induced , Tooth Bleaching Agents/adverse effects , Orotic Acid/therapeutic use , Peroxides/chemistry , Time Factors , Urea/adverse effects , Urea/chemistry , Severity of Illness Index , Analysis of Variance , Treatment Outcome , Pain Threshold , Visual Analog Scale , Carbamide Peroxide
5.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 63(11): 978-987, Nov. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896319

ABSTRACT

Summary Objective: To correlate physical activity level (PAL), functional capacity and psychological state with quality of life (QoL) in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (CT). Method: Observational cohort study. Patients (n=121) with any primary cancer site with indications of chemotherapy with palliative or curative intent were evaluated at three moments: 1) patient admission (week 0), before chemotherapy; 2) week 8; 3) end of CT. Data were collected regarding QoL, PAL, clinical data, functional capacity (short walking distance test, sitting-rising test, isometric manual gripping force), and anxiety and depression tests. Results: There was significant improvement at the end of CT for: level of physical activity; walk test (> 500 meters); sitting-rising test (> 20x). There was a significant reduction in the prevalence of moderate/severe depression. The prevalence of high QoL showed a significant increase in evaluation 3 (42.4% vs. 40.0% vs. 59.2%, p=0.02). Education up to high school level, low PAL, walking < 300 meters, sitting and rising < 20 times, having depression (moderate to severe) and QoL that was not high at the start of treatment (week 0) all proved to be risk factors for low quality of life at week 16. Conversely, early staging, curative intent chemotherapy and low-grade symptoms were shown to be protective factors. Conclusion: Performing less than 20 movements in the sitting-rising test and low PAL at the start of chemotherapy represent independent risk factors for low quality of life at the end of chemotherapy.


Resumo Objetivo: Correlacionar nível de atividade física (NAF), capacidade funcional, estado psicológico com qualidade de vida (QdV) de pacientes com câncer em tratamento quimioterápico (QT). Método: Estudo de coorte observacional. Pacientes (n=121) com qualquer sítio primário de câncer, com indicação de quimioterapia com intuito paliativo ou curativo foram avaliados em three momentos: 1) admissão do paciente (semana 0), antes da quimioterapia; 2) semana 8; 3) ao término da QT. Foram coletados dados sobre QdV, NAF, dados clínicos, testes de capacidade funcional (teste de curta distância de caminhada, teste de sentar/levantar, força de preensão manual isométrica) e testes de ansiedade e depressão. Resultados: Houve melhora significativa ao término da QT para: nível de atividade física; teste de caminhada (> 500 metros); teste de sentar e levantar (> 20x). Notou-se redução significativa da prevalência de depressão moderada/grave. A prevalência de QdV elevada apresentou aumento significativo na avaliação 3 (42,4% vs. 40,0% vs. 59,2%; p=0,02). Escolaridade até nível médio, baixo NAF, caminhar < 300 metros, sentar e levantar < 20 vezes, ter depressão do humor (moderado a grave) e QdV não elevada no início do tratamento (semana 0) foram fatores de risco para baixa qualidade de vida na semana 16. Inversamente, estadiamento precoce, intuito de quimioterapia curativo, baixa escala de sintomas foram fatores de proteção. Conclusão: Realizar menos de 20 movimentos no teste de sentar e levantar e possuir baixo NAF no início do tratamento quimioterápico representam fatores de riscos independentes para baixa qualidade de vida ao fim da quimioterapia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Quality of Life/psychology , Exercise/psychology , Neoplasms/psychology , Anxiety/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies , Depression/psychology , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
6.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 50(3): 417-422, May-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896969

ABSTRACT

Abstract The symptoms of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection include fever, headache, muscle aches, skin rash, and polyarthralgia, characterized by intense pain, edema, and temporary functional impairment. This is the first report of encephalitis caused by CHIKV infection associated with an atypical presentation of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, evolving to cognitive impairment and apraxia of speech.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Encephalitis, Viral/virology , Encephalitis, Viral/diagnostic imaging , Chikungunya Fever/complications , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/virology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged
7.
Saúde Soc ; 26(1): 100-114, jan.-mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-962497

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar, por meio de revisão narrativa da literatura científica, o perfil dos usuários atendidos em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS), para verificar a inclusão do quesito raça/cor nessa produção. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado de maio a agosto de 2015 no Google Acadêmico e em bases que compõem a Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde: Medline, BDENF, Paho, Index Psicologia e Lilacs. As estratégias de busca foram: (1) "mental health services"/"serviços de saúde mental" AND "epidemiological profile"/"perfil epidemiológico" e (2) "mental health services"/"serviços de saúde mental" AND "health profile"/"perfil de saúde". Dois revisores avaliaram títulos e resumos dos 452 artigos recuperados. A partir disso, foram excluídos os artigos repetidos e os que não tratam do perfil de usuários de CAPS, restando então 17 artigos. Desses, apenas três apresentaram dados de raça/cor, mas nenhum discutiu esses dados. Verificou-se que dois CAPS têm proporcionalmente mais negros em tratamento do que a população em geral, e evidenciou-se que o uso da variável raça/cor para caracterizar usuários dos serviços de CAPS ainda é reduzido, mesmo que seja importante marcador de cunho social - isso vai ao encontro da maneira como as desigualdades raciais no Brasil são tratadas pela sociedade: como inexistentes, o que reforça as iniquidades. Essas desigualdades têm se revelado persistentes e requerem que a política de saúde mental e a academia iniciem discussão que vá além de recomendações de conferências, para que se definam estratégias para esse enfrentamento e se produzam e reproduzam conhecimentos que possam ajudar na elaboração e implementação dessas estratégias.


Abstract Based on the review of the scientific literature, this study aims to present the profile of the users who attend Psychosocial Care Centers (PCCs) to verify if the race/color factor is considered in it. We carried out the bibliographic research between May and August 2015 on Scholar Google and on the Virtual Health Library databases: Medline, BDENF, Paho, Index Psicologia and Lilacs. Our search strategies were: (1) "mental health services"/"serviços de saúde mental" AND "epidemiological profile"/"perfil epidemiológico" and (2) "mental health services"/"serviços de saúde mental" AND "health profile"/"perfil de saúde". Two reviewers assessed the titles and abstracts of 452 articles retrieved. Thus, we deleted the repeated articles and those that did not meet the profile of PCCs users, remaining 17 of them. From these, only three articles had data on race/color, but none of them developed a discussion on this information. We found out that two PCCs proportionally have more black patients compared with any other population and that the use of race/color to characterize users of PCCs services is still not so common, despite being considered an important social marker - this is how the Brazilian society deals with racial inequalities: as they were not real, which contributes to their strengthening. These inequalities have shown to be persistent, making it necessary for academics and public health managers to go beyond the recommendations of the conferences and define strategies to face such issues, thus producing and reproducing helpful knowledge in its developing and implementation of these measures.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health Profile , Black People , Mental Health Services
8.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 32(5): 1324-1330, sept./oct 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-965728

ABSTRACT

The bush dog (Speothos venaticus) is a Neotropical canid with a wide geographic distribution. Although globally listed as Near Threatened, this species was listed as Vulnerable in a recent assessment by the Brazilian government. Few records of this mammal have been reported in the Brazilian Cerrado, and it is considered extinct in several localities as a result of human landscape fragmentation. The record presented here is the first evidence of bush dog presence in the West of Minas Gerais, Brazil, which augments the species distribution with expected occurrence for this region. The study site was a transitional area between the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes, in the Triângulo Mineiro region, which is a highly fragmented landscape, dominated by cattle ranches with exotic pasture species and scattered natural patches. We recorded a single bush dog individual in our survey (4,036 camera trap/night), but our sampling success was expected compared with that of other previous mammal surveys using the camera trapping method, in part, because of the species' elusive behavior and low natural densities. This record enhances knowledge of the S. venaticus distribution. Potentially, we confirm the presence of the bug dog in a region that was regarded being environmentally suitable for this species occurrence, but where it has never been reported. Moreover, our result elucidates the potential of the natural remnants to harbor threatened species in highly human-influenced and non-protected landscapes, which is the dominant scenario found in West Minas Gerais, Brasil.


O cachorro-vinagre (Speothos venaticus) é um canídeo Neotropical com uma ampla distribuição geográfica. Embora seja listada globalmente como Quase Ameaçada, esta espécie foi classificada como Vulnerável em recente avaliação do governo brasileiro. Poucos registros para este mamífero foram reportados no Cerrado brasileiro, sendo considerado extinto em várias localidades como resultado da fragmentação da paisagem provocada pelo homem. O registro apresentado aqui é a primeira evidência de ocorrência do cachorro-vinagre no oeste de Minas Gerais, Brasil, o que confirma a distribuição da espécie com ocorrência esperada para esta região. O local de estudo é uma área transicional entre os biomas Cerrado e Mata Atlântica, na região do Triângulo Mineiro, sendo uma paisagem altamente fragmentada dominada por fazendas de criação de gado com pastagem exótica e fragmentos naturais dispersos. Nós registramos somente um único cachorro-vinagre na nossa amostragem (4.036 armadilhas fotográficas/noite), mas o nosso sucesso de amostragem foi esperado comparado com os resultados de outros levantamentos de mamíferos utilizando o método de armadilhamento fotográfico, em parte, devido ao comportamento alusivo e a baixa densidade natural da espécie. Este registro aumenta o conhecimento da distribuição de S. venaticus. Potencialmente, nós confirmamos a presença do cachorro-vinagre em uma região que foi considerada com adequabilidade ambiental para a ocorrência da espécie, mas onde ela não havia sido reportada até momento. Além disso, nosso resultado também reforça o potencial dos remanescentes naturais em abrigar espécies ameaçadas da fauna em paisagens altamente afetadas pelo homem e não protegidas, a qual representa o cenário dominante encontrado no oeste de Minas Gerais, Brasil.


Subject(s)
Endangered Species , Animals, Wild , Mammals
9.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 35(8): 734-740, Aug. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-767734

ABSTRACT

The Brazilian savanna, also known as Cerrado, is one of the world's richest and most ecologically invaluable tropical savanna regions. There are few studies in Brazil about the diseases that affect the wild canids of this biome, which may be harmful to wildlife populations and public health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. in three Cerrado wild canids species using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Serum samples were tested from 19 crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous), 14 maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus), and seven hoary foxes (Lycalopex vetulus), all free-ranging animals found in the municipalities of Araguari and Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State, and Cumari, Goiás State, Brazil. Fourteen (35%) of these samples were seropositive. The most frequent serovars detected in the samples were Copenhageni and Hardjo, but reactions to the serovars Autumnalis, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Wolffi, and Icterohaemorrhagiae also occurred. Notwithstanding other reported results, this study is the first to report the presence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. in L. vetulus. The three species of wild canids examined may act as potential hosts for several serovars of leptospira in Brazil's savanna environment...


O cerrado é a mais diversificada savana tropical do mundo e constitui grande importância ecológica. Ainda assim, são poucos os estudos realizados no Brasil a respeito das doenças que acometem os canídeos desse bioma, o que causa prejuízos à população de animais selvagens e à saúde pública. Essa pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar a ocorrência de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp. em três espécies de canídeos selvagens do cerrado brasileiro utilizando o teste de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM). Foram testadas amostras de soro sanguíneo de 19 cachorros-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous), 14 lobos guarás (Chrysocyon brachyurus) e sete raposas-do-campo (Lycalopex vetulus) de vida livre das regiões de cerrado de Araguari e Uberlândia, MG, e Cumari, GO. Dessas 40 amostras, 14 (35%) foram soropositivas. Os sorovares detectados com maior frequência foram Copenhageni e Hardjo, porém evidenciou-se também reação aos sorovares Autumnalis, Grippotyphosa, Hbedomadis, Wolffi e Icterohaemorrhagiae. Esse trabalho foi o primeiro a relatar a presença de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. em L. vetulus e verificou-se que as três espécies de canídeos utilizadas nessa pesquisa podem atuar como possíveis hospedeiros de diversos sorovares de leptospiras no ambiente de cerrado...


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Canidae/virology , Leptospira/pathogenicity , Animals, Wild/virology , Endangered Species , Wolves/virology , Foxes/virology , Serologic Tests/veterinary , Agglutination Tests/veterinary
10.
Braz. dent. j ; 26(4): 378-383, July-Aug. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-756385

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the color change, cytotoxicity and hydrogen peroxide (HP) diffusion caused by different home bleaching protocols: 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) for 3 or 1.5 h, 6% hydrogen peroxide for 1.5 h or 45 min. To quantify the peroxide penetration, disks of bovine teeth were placed in artificial pulp chambers (APCs) containing acetate buffer, which was collected for evaluation in a spectrophotometer. For analysis of cytotoxicity, specimens were adapted in APCs containing culture medium, which subsequently was applied on MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells for 1 h. Cellular metabolism was evaluated by methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and the color change of the specimens was analyzed using the CIE L * a * b * system. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Fisher test (α=5%). The treatment with 10% CP for 3 h was the most effective, and 6% HP for 45 min produced the lowest color change. The groups 10% CP for 1.5 h and 6% HP for 45 min had the lowest trans-enamel dentinal HP penetration, and the 6% HP for 1.5 h had the highest. None of the protocols affected cellular metabolism and morphology. In conclusion, reduced peroxide exposure time reduced the bleaching result; higher HP diffusion did not mean higher effectiveness.

.

Este estudo avaliou a alteração de cor, a citotoxicidade e a difusão de peroxido de hidrogênio ocorridos em diferentes protocolos clareadores caseiros: peróxido de carbamida (PC) 10% por 3 ou 1,5 h; peróxido de hidrogênio (PH) 6% por 1,5 h ou 45 min. Para a quantificação da penetração do peróxido, discos de dentes bovinos foram posicionados em câmaras pulpares artificiais (CPAs) contendo solução tampão de acetato, que foi coletada para avaliação em espectrofotômetro. Para análise da citotoxicidade, os espécimes foram adaptados nas CPAs contendo meio de cultura, que posteriormente foi aplicado sobre células odontoblastóides MDPC-23 por 1 h. O metabolismo celular foi avaliado pelo teste MTT e a alteração de cor dos espécimes foi analisada pelo sistema CIE L*a*b*. Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA e teste de Fisher (α=5). O tratamento com PC10% por 3 horas foi o mais efetivo, enquanto que o tratamento com PH 6% por 45 min produziu a menor alteração cromática. Os grupos PC 10% por 1,5 h e PH 6% por 45 min causaram a menor penetração trans-amelodentinária do peróxido, e PH 6% por 1,5 h, a maior difusão. Nenhum tratamento alterou o metabolismo celular. A redução do tempo de exposição aos peróxidos comprometeu o resultado clareador; maior penetração de peroxido não significa maior efetividade clareadora.

.


Subject(s)
Humans , Color , Hydrogen Peroxide/chemistry , Tooth Bleaching/methods , Cell Line , Culture Media , Diffusion , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Spectrophotometry
11.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 45(2): 288-291, fev. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1479636

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo relata ixodídeos em mamíferos silvestres no Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra e arredores, no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. De julho de 2005 a junho de 2014, foram coletadas 58 larvas, 133 ninfas e 43 carrapatos adultos em 40 eventos de captura de mamíferos de vida livre do Parque e arredores. Nos hospedeiros da ordem Carnivora, foram identificados Amblyomma ovale Koch, 1844, Amblyomma sculptum Berlese, 1888, Amblyomma tigrinum Koch, 1844, Dermacentor nitens Neumann, 1897 e Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini, 1888). Em hospedeiros da ordem Xenarthra, foram identificados espécimes de Amblyomma pseudoconcolor Aragão, 1908 e A. sculptum. Este estudo relata os primeiros registros dos ixodídeos D. nitens e R. microplus parasitando Lycalopex vetulus, e A. ovale em Leopardus tigrinus no país. Os achados do presente estudo indicam a proximidade entre os animais domésticos e silvestres causada pela expansão agropecuária no território brasileiro.


This research­­­­­ reports ticks on wild mammals from the Serra da Canastra National Park and surrounding areas, in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. From July 2005 to June 2014, 58 larvae, 133 nymphs and 43 adult ticks were collected in 40 capture events of free-living mammals at the Park and surrounding areas. The tick species Amblyomma ovale Koch, 1844, Amblyomma sculptum Berlese, 1888, Amblyomma tigrinum Koch, 1844, Dermacentor nitens Neumann, 1897, and Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini, 1888) were identified on hosts of the order Carnivora. Specimens of Amblyomma pseudoconcolor Aragão, 1908 and A. sculptum were identified on the hosts of the order Xenarthra. We provide the first records of D. nitens and R. microplus ticks parasitizing Lycalopex vetulus, and A. ovale on Leopardus tigrinus in Brazil. The findings of this research indicate the sharing of environment by domestic and wild animals caused by agricultural expansion in the Brazilian landscape.


Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Wild/parasitology , Tick Infestations/veterinary , Ixodidae/growth & development , Mammals/parasitology
12.
Clinics ; 69(10): 666-671, 10/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-730466

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Cardiology referral is common for patients admitted for non-cardiac diseases. Recommendations from cardiologists may involve complex and aggressive treatments that could be ignored or denied by other physicians. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of patients who were given recommendations during cardiology referrals and to examine the clinical outcomes of patients who did not follow the recommendations. METHODS: We enrolled 589 consecutive patients who received in-hospital cardiology consultations. Data on recommendations, implementation of suggestions and outcomes were collected. RESULTS: Regarding adherence of the referring service to the recommendations, 77% of patients were classified in the adherence group and 23% were classified in the non-adherence group. Membership in the non-adherence group (p<0.001; odds ratio: 10.25; 95% CI: 4.45-23.62) and advanced age (p = 0.017; OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01-1.07) were associated with unfavorable outcomes. Multivariate analysis identified four independent predictors of adherence to recommendations: follow-up notes in the medical chart (p<0.001; OR: 2.43; 95% CI: 1.48-4.01); verbal reinforcement (p = 0.001; OR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.23-2.81); a small number of recommendation (p = 0.001; OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.80-0.94); and a younger patient age (p = 0.002; OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Poor adherence to cardiology referral recommendations was associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. Follow-up notes in the medical chart, verbal reinforcement, a limited number of recommendations and a patient age were associated with greater adherence to recommendations. .


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiology/standards , Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Age Factors , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units , Logistic Models , Odds Ratio , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Treatment Outcome
13.
Ciênc. rural ; 44(8): 1334-1340, 08/2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-721427

ABSTRACT

Com o presente trabalho objetivou-se avaliar as características produtivas de diferentes genótipos de pessegueiro (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.), submetidos a podas em épocas distintas na região de Pelotas-RS. O experimento foi conduzido em uma área experimental pertencente à Embrapa Clima Temperado (CPACT), durante os anos de 2009 e 2010. Os tratamentos foram compostos de combinações de três épocas de poda [poda de inverno (PI), poda de inverno mais poda de verão (PIV) e poda de verão (PV)] e três genótipos [Cascata 805, Cascata 834 (BRS Kampai) e Cascata 952 (BRS Rubimel)], resultando em nove tratamentos distintos. Para as variáveis firmeza de frutos, pH, sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), relação SS/AT e cor, não foi verificada interação entre os fatores estudados. Os frutos de BRS Kampai apresentaram maior firmeza, assim como a poda apenas no período de verão. O genótipo BRS Kampai apresentou frutos com maior SS e AT dentre os estudados e as plantas de BRS Kampai e BRS Rubimel apresentaram frutos com coloração vermelha mais intensa de epiderme, independentemente da época de poda. Verificou-se que a poda apenas no período de verão induziu à produção de frutos menores. Os genótipos BRS Kampai e BRS Rubimel apresentaram produtividades semelhantes, independente do sistema de poda aplicado. Em geral, as características físico-químicas dos frutos não são alteradas com as variações de época de poda estudadas. No entanto, as variáveis de qualidade física e as relacionadas com a produção sofrem influência direta da época de poda.


The present research aimed to evaluate the productive characteristics of different genotypes of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.), submitted to pruning at different times in Pelotas / RS. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area that belongs to Embrapa Temperate Climate (CPACT) during 2009 and 2010, the treatments consisted of combinations of three pruning times [winter pruning (PI), winter pruning plus summer pruning (PIV) and summer pruning (PV)] and three genotypes [(Cascata 805, Cascata 834 (BRS Kampai) and Cascata 952 (BRS Rubimel)], resulting in nine different treatments. There was no interaction between factors for the variables fruit firmness, pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS / TA ratio and color. Higher firmness was observed for BRS Kampai fruit and for summer pruning alone. The fruit of genotype BRS Kampai had the highest SS and TA among those studied, the plants of BRS Kampai and BRS Rubimel had fruit with more intense epidermal red coloration, regardless the pruning time. It was found that the pruning only in summer induced the production of small fruits. Genotypes BRS Kampai and BRS Rubimel productivity showed similar system independent pruning applied. Overall, physicochemical characteristics of the fruit do not change with variations in pruning time, although physical characteristics and those related to production suffer direct influence of pruning time.

14.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 72(7): 496-499, 07/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-714594

ABSTRACT

Objective: To report 4 different neurological complications of H1N1 virus vaccination. Method: Four patients (9, 16, 37 and 69 years of age) had neurological symptoms (intracranial hypertension, ataxia, left peripheral facial palsy of abrupt onset, altered mental status, myelitis) starting 4-15 days after H1N1 vaccination. MRI was obtained during the acute period. Results: One patient with high T2 signal in the cerebellum interpreted as acute cerebellitis; another, with left facial palsy, showed contrast enhancement within both internal auditory canals was present, however it was more important in the right side; one patient showed gyriform hyperintensities on FLAIR with sulcal effacement in the right fronto-parietal region; and the last one showed findings compatible with thoracic myelitis. Conclusion: H1N1 vaccination can result in important neurological complications probably secondary to post-vaccination inflammation. MRI detected abnormalities in all patients. .


Objetivo: Relatar quatro diferentes complicações neurológicas da vacina contra o vírus H1N1. Método: Quatro pacientes (9, 16, 37 e 69 anos) tinham sintomas neurológicos (hipertensão intracraniana, ataxia, paralisia facial esquerda de inicio abrupto, estado mental alterado e mielite) iniciando-se 4 a 15 dias após vacinação contra H1N1. RM foi realizada em quatro pacientes na fase aguda e em um paciente na fase crônica. Resultados: Dos quatro pacientes, um apresentou hipersinal em T2 no cerebelo, interpretado como cerebelite aguda; um, com paralisia facial esquerda, tinha realce dos condutos auditivos internos, maior à direita; um tinha hipersinal em T2 no cortex parieto-occipital direito; um apresentou sinais compatíveis com mielite torácica. Conclusão: A vacinação contra o H1N1 pode resultar em importantes complicações neurológicas, provavelmente secundárias a inflamação pós-vacinal. A RM detectou anormalidades em todos os pacientes. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology , Influenza Vaccines/adverse effects , Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Cerebellar Ataxia/etiology , Facial Paralysis/etiology , Intracranial Hypertension/etiology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Myelitis/etiology , Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis
15.
Serv. soc. soc ; (118): 318-338, abr.-jun. 2014. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-713695

ABSTRACT

O presente artigo é resultado da minha dissertação de mestrado que teve por finalidade apreender a consultoria empresarial de Serviço Social em face da reestruturação produtiva e da expansão da precarização das relações de trabalho, cuja terceirização é uma de suas expressões. Assim, utilizo cinco eixos de análise para identificar expressões de precarização a partir da terceirização ocorrida nesse espaço sócio-ocupacional do Serviço Social.


This article originated in my master degree dissertation whose aim was to explain Social Service business consulting in view of production restructuring and expansion of the precariousness in work relations, being outsourcing one of its results. Thus, I use five axes of analysis to identify expressions of precariousness from the outsourcing in this Social Service practice.

16.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 102(5,supl.1): 1-41, 05/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-709328
17.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 59(2): 167-173, mar.-abr. 2013. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-673385

ABSTRACT

This review analyzes the available literature on the impact of intermittent fasting (IF), a nutritional intervention, on different aspects of metabolism. The epidemic of metabolic disturbances, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS), and diabetes mellitus type 2 has led to an increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, and affected patients might significantly benefit from modifications in nutritional habits. Recent experimental studies have elucidated some of the metabolic mechanisms involved with IF. Animal models have shown positive changes in glucose (lower plasma glucose and insulin levels) and in lipid metabolism (reduced visceral fat tissue and increased plasma adiponectin level), and an increased resistance to stress. Despite the limited number of samples studied, positive results have been reported on the impact of IF for human health. IF is reported to improve the lipid profile; to decrease inflammatory responses, reflected by changes in serum adipokine levels; and to change the expression of genes related to inflammatory response and other factors. Studies on obese individuals have shown that patient compliance was greater for IF than other traditional nutritional approaches (calorie restriction), and IF was found to be associated with low oxidative stress. Recent reports suggest that IF exerts a positive impact on the metabolic derangements commonly associated with cardiovascular diseases, and that it may be a viable and accessible intervention for most individuals. Therefore, further clinical studies are essential to test the effectiveness of IF in preventing and controlling metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.


Esta revisão traz uma análise de dados disponíveis na literatura sobre o impacto do jejum intermitente, uma modalidade de intervenção nutricional, em diferentes aspectos do metabolismo. A epidemia de anormalidades metabólicas, como obesidade, síndrome metabólica e diabetes mellitus tipo 2, tem ocasionado um aumento na prevalência de doenças cardiovasculares, condições em que os indivíduos afetados apresentam impor tantes melhorias advindas de modificação nos hábitos alimentares. Estudos experimentais recentes têm elucidado a modulação do metabolismo por jejum intermitente. Testes com animais têm mostrado alterações positivas no metabolismo glicídico (valores menores de glicemia e insulinemia) e lipídico (redução no volume de gordura visceral e aumento nos valores de adiponectina plasmática), além de uma maior resistência ao estresse. Apesar dos estudos disponíveis apresentarem populações muito reduzidas, observaram-se resultados positivos com esta intervenção também na saúde humana. Os resultados indicam melhorias no perfil lipídico, redução de respostas inflamatórias, com redução na liberação de adipocinas inflamatórias e alterações na expressão de genes relacionados com a resposta inflamatória e de outros fatores. Em indivíduos obesos observou-se uma melhor adesão ao jejum intermitente em relação a intervenções tradicionais (restrição calórica), além da redução no estresse oxidativo desta população. Dessa maneira, por se tratar de uma intervenção viável e acessível para a maioria dos indivíduos, novos estudos clínicos são necessários para testar a eficácia desta intervençãonaprevenção e no controle de doenças metabólicas e cardiovasculares.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases , Energy Metabolism , Fasting/physiology , Metabolic Syndrome , Obesity , Cardiovascular Diseases/metabolism , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Disease Models, Animal , Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism , Metabolic Syndrome/prevention & control , Obesity/metabolism , Obesity/prevention & control
18.
An. bras. dermatol ; 88(2): 216-221, abr. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-674170

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is a cutaneous pigmentation disorder caused by a lipophilic yeast of the genus Malassezia sp. It is a superficial mycosis characterized by well-defined, slightly scaly skin lesions of variable color. In Brazil, the number of reported cases is small, and there are few epidemiological studies. OBJECTIVES: to assess incidence, characteristics of the lesions, effectiveness of the Zileri's Sign procedure, and the epidemiological profile of PV in the urban area of Buerarema - Bahia. METHODS: Biological samples were collected on pre-established days at Basic Health Care Units from July to September 2010. Sample collection was followed by laboratory diagnosis using Porto's Method. RESULTS: Of the 158 patients with suspected PV participating in the study, 105 (66.5%) were positive; 72 (68.6%) were female and 33 (31.4%) were male. Sex and location of lesions showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05). The region with the highest rate of cases of PV was found to be the center of the city, with 40.9% of diagnosed cases. The most affected age group was between 10 and 19 years. There was a significant association between the results produced through Zileri's Sign and Porto's Method in relation to positive and negative results (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results showed a higher prevalence of PV among individuals at puberty. The Zileri's Sign method proved to be counterproductive, because it showed low efficacy as a method for clinical diagnosis, yielding negative results for 36 (34.3%) patients who had been diagnosed with PV through laboratory examination. .


FUNDAMENTOS: A pitiríase versicolor é um distúrbio de pigmentação cutânea causada pela levedura lipofílica do gênero Malassezia sp. É uma micose superficial caracterizada por produzir lesões delimitadas, com descamação fina e de cor variável. No Brasil, o relato do número de casos e de estudos é restrito. OBJETIVOS: Analisar a incidência, as características das lesões, a eficácia do Sinal de Zileri e o perfil epidemiológico da pitiríase versicolor na área urbana do município de Buerarema-BA. MÉTODOS: Foram coletadas amostras biológicas no período de julho a setembro de 2010, em dias pré-establecidos, nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde. O Método de Porto foi utilizado como diagnóstico laboratorial. RESULTADOS: Dos 158 pacientes cadastrados com suspeita de pitiríase versicolor, 105 (66,5%) mostraram-se positivos, sendo 72 (68,6%) do sexo feminino e 33 (31,4%) do sexo oposto. Ocorreu diferença estatisticamente significante entre sexo e localização das lesões (p<0,05). A região com maior índice de pitiríase versicolor foi detectada no centro do município com 40,9% dos casos diagnosticados. A faixa etária mais acometida foi entre 10 e 19 anos. Houve associação significante entre o resultado do Sinal de Zileri e do Método de Porto em relação aos resultados positivos e negativos (p<0,05). CONCLUSÕES: Frente aos resultados, observou-se maior prevalência da pitiríase versicolor em jovens no período da puberdade. O Sinal de Zileri mostrou-se ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Malassezia , Tinea Versicolor/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Age Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Incidence , Sex Distribution , Tinea Versicolor/pathology , Urban Population
19.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 57(1): 51-56, fev. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-665762

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o surgimento de comorbidades cardiovasculares e/ou neoplásicas e a taxa de mortalidade nos pacientes com hipertireoidismo em decorrência da doença de Graves tratados com iodo radioativo há mais de 10 anos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo com análise de prontuários do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, entre janeiro de 1981 e novembro de 1999. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 107 pacientes (93 mulheres e 14 homens), com uma mediana de idade de 54 anos. Comparando o grupo de pacientes que receberam iodo radiativo com grupo de pacientes eutireoidianos pós-tratamento com drogas antitireoidianas (DAT), foi observado aumento significativo no surgimento de hipertensão arterial (HAS) e dislipidemia, mas não na taxa de mortalidade. CONCLUSÃO: Para avaliar a real influência da terapêutica com iodo radioativo no surgimento dessas comorbidades e na taxa de mortalidade, é necessário um tempo maior de acompanhamento. A idade e o tempo de exposição aos efeitos do hipertireoidismo parecem influenciar no surgimento dessas comorbidades.


OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the occurrence of cardiovascular disease and malignant tumors and the mortality rate in patients who received radioiodine treatment for hyperthyroidism due to Grave's disease with at least ten years of follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of all patients who were treated with I131 for Graves' disease at Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, were reviewed retrospectively, between January, 1981 and November, 1999. RESULTS: Data from 107 patients (14 men and 93 women), with median age of 54 years were analyzed. Comparing the group of patients who were treated with I131 therapy with a group of euthyroid patients post-treatment with antithyroid drugs, a significant increase in the occurrence of hypertension and dyslipidemia was observed, but not in mortality rate. CONCLUSION: To evaluate the real influence of the treatment with radioactive iodine in the occurrence of these comorbidities and the mortality rate, we need a longer follow-up. The age and time of exposure to the effects of hyperthyroidism seem to influence the occurrence of these comorbidities.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dyslipidemias/epidemiology , Graves Disease/epidemiology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Iodine Radioisotopes/adverse effects , Age Factors , Comorbidity , Follow-Up Studies , Graves Disease/radiotherapy , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
20.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 58(6): 714-723, nov.-dez. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-659822

ABSTRACT

A obesidade é um tema recorrente na literatura científica da atualidade. Isso se deve ao aumento exponencial de sua prevalência em todas as camadas da sociedade. A popularidade deste tema fez também com que assuntos associados a ele emergissem e ganhassem maior notabilidade em publicações da área da saúde. Com objetivo de avaliar o que vem sendo estudado no campo da obesidade e nutrição, esta revisão realiza um apanhado de todos os artigos publicados dentro destes temas em algumas das principais revistas científicas brasileiras nos últimos dois anos. Dentre os subtemas selecionados neste trabalho, aqueles relacionados à obesidade infantil chamaram atenção por aparecerem com maior frequência. Estes foram subdivididos em: prevalência, influências intrauterinas e do aleitamento que podem levar ao desenvolvimento desta condição, consequências na qualidade de vida, sistema cardiovascular e metabolismo e possíveis estratégias de prevenção. Além disso, foram explorados temas relacionados à obesidade em adultos como seus fatores de risco e novas estratégias de prevenção, com atenção especial aos muitos estudos avaliando diferentes aspectos relacionados à cirurgia bariátrica. Finalmente, abordou-se o tema da desnutrição e o impacto da deficiência de micronutrientes específicos como selênio, vitamina D e vitamina B12. A partir dos resultados, tornou-se possível concluir a real importância da obesidade e da nutrição na manutenção da saúde e também as diversas frentes de pesquisa que a envolvem na atualidade. Dessa forma, é essencial que se criem novas formas de atualização que sejam rápidas e eficientes, direcionadas aos profissionais de saúde envolvidos no tratamento destes indivíduos.


Obesity is a recurring theme in current scientific literature. This can easily be explained by its exponential increase in all layers of society. The popularity of this subject has also given rise to associated questions, which have achieved greater prominence in health-related publications. In order to assess what has been studied in the field of obesity and nutrition, an overview of all articles published on these subjects in some of the main Brazilian scientific journals over the past two years was performed. Among the subthemes selected for this study, those related to childhood obesity attracted attention due to their greater frequency. These were subdivided into: prevalence, intrauterine and breastfeeding influences that may lead to the development of this condition, impact on quality of life, cardiovascular system and metabolism, and possible prevention strategies. Furthermore, issues related to obesity in adults were explored, such as risk factors and new strategies for prevention, with special attention given to the many studies evaluating different aspects of bariatric surgery. Finally, the subject of malnutrition and the impact of the deficiency of specific micronutrients such as selenium, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 were assessed. Based on the results, it was possible to assess the actual importance of obesity and nutrition in health maintenance, and also the several lines of research regarding these issues. Thus, it is essential to create new methods, which must be quick and efficient, to update health professionals involved in the treatment of obesity.


Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Bariatric Surgery , Brazil/epidemiology , Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology , Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology , Nutritional Status , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Obesity/genetics , Obesity/therapy , Prevalence , Quality of Life , Risk Factors
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